Education Resource Package
Edmonton Area Cemeteries
This teacher’s guide aims to provide support to educators, ensuring they have the tools, resources, and knowledge to deliver instruction on the historical events surrounding the soldiers buried at Edmonton area cemeteries.
Ce guide de l’enseignant vise à fournir un soutien aux éducateurs, garantissant qu’ils disposent des outils, ressources et connaissances nécessaires pour enseigner sur les événements historiques entourant les soldats enterrés dans les cimetières de la région d’Edmonton.
App : View 50+ soldier profiles who are buried in Edmonton area cemeteries
Table of Contents
Resources
Overview
Working with City of Edmonton (Site Partner) and No Stone Left Alone (Educational Outreach and Communications Partner) Memory Anchor has digitally activated three Edmonton area cemeteries with notable Canadian Veteran sections and stories:
* Beechmount Cemetery, Northern Lights Cemetery, Edmonton Cemetery in the smartphone app
*50 Canadian veteran biographies made available in French and English
*Three interactive digital tours with augmented reality activations at Edmonton area cemeteries
Project Objectives
*Drive attention and foot traffic to landmark Edmonton area veteran commemoration sites and spotlight the contributions of Canadian veterans
*Offer a new way for Canadians young and old to explore Canadian veterans military history *Share and engage with the local community and especially K-12 students with an educational resource package
Education Objectives
The following are objectives for this education package and its audience:
appreciate how stories and events of the past connect their families and communities tothe present: Recognize how their families and communities might have been different in the past than they are today. Appreciate how the languages, traditions, celebrations and stories of their families, groups and communities contribute to their sense of identity and belonging. Recognize how their ancestors contribute to their sense of identity within their family and communities. Appreciate people who have contributed to their communities over time. Recognize how diverse Aboriginal and Francophone communities are integral to Canada’s character. Acknowledge and respect symbols of heritage and traditions in their family and communities.
apply the research process: ask questions to make meaning of a topic. Gather information on a particular topic from a variety of sources. Access and retrieve appropriate information from electronic sources for a specific inquiry
age appropriate behaviour for social involvement: participate in projects that improve or meet the particular needs of their school or community
oral, written and visual literacy organize and present information, such as written and oral reports, taking particular audiences and purposes into consideration
media literacy compare information on the same issue or topic from print media, television,
photographs and the Internet
value and respect significant people in their lives: appreciate the important contributions of individuals at home, at school and in the
community
appreciate how their participation in their communities affects their sense of belonging
develop skills of historical thinking: recognize that some activities or events occur at particular times of the day or year. Differentiate between events and activities that occurred recently and long ago.
develop skills of geographic thinking: recognize familiar places or points of reference in their surroundings
Moving Forward with the Past: My Family, My History and My Community Students will demonstrate an understanding and appreciation of how changes over time have affected their families and influenced how their families and communities are today
distinguish geographic features in their own community from other communities by
exploring and reflecting upon the following questions for inquiry:
What are some familiar landmarks and places in my community? Why are these landmarks and places significant features of the community?
appreciate the physical and human geography of the communities studied: appreciate the diversity and vastness of Canada’s land and peoples. Acknowledge, explore and respect historic sites and monuments.
Background Information
World War I: The Canadian Perspective
Outbreak and Enlistment:
- World War I began in 1914, and Canada, as a dominion of the British Empire, was automatically at war when Britain declared war on Germany.
- Patriotic fervor swept the nation, leading many Canadians to enlist voluntarily. By the end of the war, over 600,000 Canadians would serve in the armed forces.
Major Battles:
Second Battle of Ypres (1915): The first major battle involving Canadian troops. Canadians faced the first large-scale use of chlorine gas as a weapon by the Germans. Despite heavy losses, the Canadians held their ground.
The Battle of the Somme (1916): Canadian forces were involved in some of the bloodiest fighting. The Newfoundland Regiment suffered devastating losses on July 1, the first day of the battle.
Vimy Ridge (1917): Often considered Canada’s most significant military victory. All four divisions of the Canadian Corps fought together and captured the ridge. This battle is seen by many as a defining moment in Canada’s transition from a dominion to an independent nation.
Passchendaele (1917): Another significant and bloody battle, where Canadians faced mud, rain, and relentless enemy fire. They succeeded in capturing the ridge, but at a high cost.
Home Front:
- The war effort led to significant changes in Canada. Women took on roles previously held by men, leading to shifts in societal norms.
- The government introduced conscription in 1917 due to declining voluntary enlistment numbers, leading to significant political and social tensions, especially in Quebec.
End of the War and Aftermath:
- The war ended on November 11, 1918. Canada suffered over 60,000 fatalities and more than 170,000 wounded.
- The heavy sacrifices made by Canadians on the battlefield led to Canada demanding and receiving a separate signature on the Treaty of Versailles, which formally ended the war.
- The war had profound and lasting effects on Canada, including increased national pride, deep political divisions, and economic changes.
World War II: The Canadian Perspective
Outbreak and Mobilization:
- World War II began in 1939 with Germany’s invasion of Poland. Unlike WWI, Canada had the autonomy to decide its involvement and declared war on Germany on September 10, 1939, a week after Britain and France.
- Canada rapidly mobilized its forces, with over one million Canadians serving in the military by the war’s end.
Major Battles and Campaigns:
The Battle of the Atlantic (1939-1945): Canada played a crucial role in the longest continuous military campaign in WWII, ensuring vital supply routes between North America and Europe remained open. The Royal Canadian Navy and the Merchant Navy faced German U-boats in a deadly contest of attrition.
Dieppe Raid (1942): A predominantly Canadian force attempted a raid on the French port of Dieppe. It ended in disaster, with significant casualties, but provided valuable lessons for future amphibious assaults.
Italian Campaign (1943-1945): Canadian troops were involved in the invasion of Sicily and the subsequent campaign in Italy, facing fierce resistance and challenging terrain.
Normandy Invasion (D-Day) and Liberation of France (1944): On June 6, 1944, Canadian forces landed on Juno Beach as part of the Allied invasion of Normandy. They faced strong German defenses but secured their objectives. Canadians continued to fight through France, helping liberate Paris and pushing into the Netherlands and Germany.
Liberation of the Netherlands (1945): Canadian forces played a pivotal role in liberating the Dutch, leading to a deep and enduring bond between the two nations.
Home Front:
- Canada became a significant arsenal, producing weapons, ships, aircraft, and vehicles. Women took on roles in factories, farms, and even served in non-combat military roles.
- The government introduced conscription for home defense in 1940, and in 1944, expanded it to overseas service, leading to political tensions, especially in Quebec.
End of the War and Aftermath:
- World War II ended in 1945 with the unconditional surrender of the Axis powers. Canada emerged as a middle power with a strong economy.
- Over 45,000 Canadians lost their lives, and another 55,000 were wounded.
- Canada played a significant role in post-war reconstruction and was a founding member of the United Nations in 1945.
Canadian Homefront Experience: World War I
Economic Mobilization:
- The war effort led to a boom in Canada’s industries, especially in munitions and shipbuilding. Factories were retooled to produce war materials.
Women’s Roles:
- With many men overseas, women took on roles traditionally held by men, working in factories, offices, and farms. This shift played a part in the women’s suffrage movement, leading to women gaining the right to vote in federal elections by 1918.
Conscription Crisis:
- As voluntary enlistment numbers dwindled, the government introduced the Military Service Act in 1917, leading to conscription. This was highly controversial, especially in Quebec, leading to riots and deep political divisions.
War Bonds and Financing:
- The government promoted the purchase of Victory Bonds to finance the war effort, appealing to citizens’ patriotism.
Propaganda:
- The government used posters, speeches, and other media to promote enlistment, sell war bonds, and maintain morale.
Internment:
- Perceived enemy aliens, particularly those of Ukrainian and German descent, were interned in camps across Canada.
Canadian Homefront Experience: World War II
Economic Transformation:
- Canada transformed into a major industrial power, producing weapons, ships, aircraft, and vehicles. The war ended the Great Depression, leading to full employment.
Women’s Expanded Roles:
- Women not only took over jobs left by men but also served in non-combat military roles. The Royal Canadian Air Force Women’s Division, Canadian Women’s Army Corps, and Women’s Royal Canadian Naval Service were established.
Conscription Debate:
- While conscription for home defense was introduced in 1940, the decision to send conscripts overseas in 1944 was contentious, reviving tensions from WWI, especially in Quebec.
War Savings and Rationing:
- Canadians were encouraged to buy Victory Bonds. Rationing of essential goods like fuel, butter, and meat ensured resources were directed to the war effort.
Propaganda and Censorship:
- The government used propaganda to maintain morale, promote enlistment, and encourage bond purchases. Censorship ensured sensitive information didn’t reach the enemy.
Internment:
- Japanese Canadians on the West Coast were viewed with suspicion after the attack on Pearl Harbor. Over 20,000 were interned, and their properties were confiscated and sold.
Francophone Canadian Experience: World War I
Enlistment and Recruitment:
- Initially, many French Canadians, especially from rural areas, were hesitant to enlist. They felt the war was a British imperial conflict and not their fight. However, some Francophones, particularly from urban areas, did volunteer.
Conscription Crisis of 1917:
- The introduction of conscription by the Borden government in 1917 was deeply unpopular in Quebec. Many French Canadians felt they were being forced to fight in a war that held little relevance to them. The crisis led to riots in Quebec City and deepened divisions between French and English Canada.
Battalions and Combat:
- The 22nd (French Canadian) Battalion, or the “Van Doos,” was the most notable Francophone battalion. They served with distinction on the Western Front.
Home Front Tensions:
- The war exacerbated existing linguistic and cultural tensions. French Canadians were often portrayed as unpatriotic or disloyal in English-language media for their anti-conscription stance.
Francophone Canadian Experience: World War II
Enlistment:
- Memories of the conscription crisis of WWI made the Quebec population wary. However, many French Canadians voluntarily enlisted at the outbreak of the war.
Conscription Debate:
- The issue of conscription arose again. Prime Minister Mackenzie King promised not to impose conscription for overseas service. However, by 1944, with the war intensifying, King introduced conscription but with limited deployment. The decision was met with less resistance than during WWI, but it still caused significant political tension.
Battalions and Combat:
- The Royal 22e Régiment (the “Van Doos”) again served with distinction in various theaters of the war, including Italy and Northwest Europe.
Home Front:
- The war saw a more united home front than WWI. The economic boom benefited both French and English Canadians. However, linguistic and cultural tensions persisted, especially around the conscription issue.
Post-War Period:
- The post-war period saw a rise in Quebec nationalism and a push for greater autonomy. The experiences of the wars, especially around conscription, played a role in the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s, a period of intense socio-political and socio-cultural change in Quebec.
ndigenous Canadian Experience: World War I
Enlistment and Service:
- Despite facing discrimination and not having the right to vote, an estimated 4,000 Indigenous Canadians volunteered for service during WWI. They served in various capacities, including as snipers, scouts, and soldiers in regular units.
Notable Figures:
- Francis Pegahmagabow, an Ojibwa from Ontario, became one of the most decorated Indigenous soldiers in Canadian history. He was recognized for his skills as a sniper and scout.
Challenges:
- Indigenous soldiers faced racism and discrimination from fellow soldiers and superiors. However, many reported that the camaraderie of the trenches often broke down racial barriers to some extent.
Post-War Period:
- Returning Indigenous veterans faced challenges accessing the benefits and support available to other veterans. Many returned to find the Canadian government had taken portions of reserve lands for war efforts without proper compensation.
Indigenous Canadian Experience: World War II
Enlistment and Service:
- Over 3,000 Indigenous Canadians served in WWII. They served in every theatre of the war and in all branches of the Canadian military.
Code Talkers:
- Some Indigenous soldiers, particularly those from the Cree and Ojibwa nations, were used as “code talkers.” Their native languages were used to transmit coded messages, a system that Axis powers couldn’t decipher.
Home Front Contributions:
- Indigenous communities contributed to the war effort on the home front by purchasing victory bonds, conserving food, and participating in other wartime initiatives.
Post-War Period:
- Like after WWI, Indigenous veterans faced challenges accessing the same benefits as their non-Indigenous counterparts. However, the post-war period also saw increased advocacy for Indigenous rights and recognition.
Legacy:
- The contributions of Indigenous Canadians during both world wars played a role in the gradual shift in attitudes and policies. Following WWII, Indigenous veterans’ efforts and advocacy contributed to the decision to grant the federal vote to all Indigenous peoples in Canada in 1960 without requiring them to give up their treaty rights.
Alberta’s Role in World War II:
Economic Contribution:
- Alberta’s agriculture and industry sectors were vital to the war effort. The province supplied food, raw materials, and other essential goods both for domestic needs and for export to support Allied forces.
Manpower:
- Thousands of Albertans enlisted in the Canadian Armed Forces, serving in various capacities both at home and overseas.
British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (BCATP) in Alberta:
Background:
- The BCATP was a massive air training program initiated in 1939 to train aircrew members for the Royal Air Force (RAF), Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), and other Commonwealth air forces. Canada, with its vast open spaces and distance from the war front, was an ideal location for such training.
Alberta’s Involvement:
- Alberta was home to several BCATP schools and facilities due to its suitable terrain and weather conditions for flying.
- The province hosted Elementary Flying Training Schools, Service Flying Training Schools, and Air Observer Schools, among others.
Locations:
- Training bases and schools were established in various locations across Alberta, including Edmonton, Calgary, Medicine Hat, Lethbridge, and Bowden, to name a few.
Economic and Social Impact:
- The establishment of these schools brought economic benefits to Alberta. They created jobs and led to infrastructure development in many communities.
- The presence of trainees from various parts of Canada and other Commonwealth countries also had social and cultural impacts, leading to interactions and exchanges between locals and those from diverse backgrounds.
Legacy:
- The BCATP is often referred to as the “Aerodrome of Democracy” due to its significant contribution to the Allied air war effort. Alberta’s involvement in the program is a testament to its crucial role during WWII.
- Many of the airfields and facilities used during the war in Alberta were repurposed for civilian use after the war, contributing to the province’s post-war aviation infrastructure.
Interactive Activities
The below Activities are suggestions and may be adapted to your classroom and curriculum needs, and are organized by grade level.
Kindergarten Activity: “Canada’s Helping Hands in WW1”
Objective:
To introduce students to Canada’s role in World War 1 and foster an understanding of helping and community.
Materials:
– Large world map or globe
– Small Canadian flags (or red paper cutouts)
– Pictures of soldiers, nurses, and other WW1 related images
– Craft materials: colored pencils, crayons, glue, scissors
Steps:
1. Introduction: Begin with a short story or narrative about a Canadian soldier or nurse helping others during WW1. Ensure the story is age-appropriate and focuses on the theme of helping and community.
2. Map Activity Show students the world map or globe. Point out where Canada is and then show where Europe is, explaining that a long time ago, many Canadians went to Europe to help during a big event called World War 1.
3. Picture Discussion: Show students the pictures of soldiers, nurses, and other WW1 images. Discuss how these people were like “helping hands” from Canada.
4. Craft Activity: Give each student a small Canadian flag or red paper cutout. Ask them to draw or depict a “helping hand” on it. This could be a hand, a heart, or any symbol they associate with helping.
5. Conclusion: Gather all the flags or cutouts and create a “Canada’s Helping Hands” display in the classroom. Discuss the importance of helping in our communities today and how we can be “helping hands” just like the Canadians in WW1.
Education Goals Addressed:
– Understanding the unique nature of Canada and its history
– Engaging in active inquiry and critical thinking
– Understanding the principles underlying a democratic society
– Recognizing the diversity of experiences and perspectives in Canadian society.
– Engaging students in their communities by making connections, sharing ideas, and empathizing with the viewpoints of others
This activity aims to make the complex topic of WW1 accessible to kindergarten students by focusing on the theme of helping and community, which aligns with education goals.
Grade 1 Activity: “Community Heroes: Past and Present”
Objective:
To help students understand and appreciate how active members in a community contribute to the well-being, growth, and vitality of their groups and communities.
Materials:
Large poster board or chart paper
Markers, crayons, and colored pencils
Pictures or illustrations of community helpers (e.g., firefighters, doctors, teachers, etc.)
Pictures or illustrations of historical community figures from the local area
Glue or tape
Steps:
Introduction: Begin by discussing the concept of a community and the people who help make it a safe and happy place. Mention that some community helpers have been around for a long time, while others might be newer.
Picture Discussion: Show students the pictures of modern-day community helpers and discuss their roles. Then, show pictures of historical community figures and discuss how they helped the community in the past.
Group Activity: Divide the students into small groups and give each group a poster board, markers, and a set of pictures. Ask each group to create a “Community Heroes” poster, where they glue the pictures and label each one, explaining how they help or helped the community.
Presentation: Once the posters are complete, have each group present their poster to the class, explaining the roles of each community hero.
Conclusion: Discuss the importance of community helpers and how everyone can be a hero in their own way by helping others and contributing to their community.
Goals Addressed:
Understanding and appreciation of how identity and self-esteem are enhanced by a sense of belonging in their world
Recognizing how active members in a community contribute to the well-being, growth, and vitality of their groups and communities
Valuing self and others as unique individuals in relation to their world
Appreciating how belonging to groups and communities enriches an individual’s identity
This activity aims to make the concept of community and the role of community helpers tangible and relatable for Grade 1 students.
Grade 2 Activity: “Honouring our Community Heroes”
Objective:
To help Grade 2 students understand the significance of World War 2 and the contributions of local soldiers, using the Memory Anchor mobile app to explore soldier profiles and local cemeteries.
Materials:
- Mobile devices with the Memory Anchor app installed
- Large map of the local area
- Colored markers or pins
- Printed pictures of World War 2 events, soldiers, and symbols
Steps:
Introduction: Begin with a brief, age-appropriate discussion about World War 2, emphasizing the idea of people from their community going to help in faraway places.
Memory Anchor Exploration: Introduce the Memory Anchor app to the students. Guide them on how to search for soldier profiles and view the cemetery map. Allow students to explore different profiles, paying attention to the soldiers’ names, ranks, and any available stories or details.
Mapping Activity: Using the large map of the local area, ask students to place colored markers or pins on the locations of cemeteries they found in the app. Discuss the significance of these places as resting spots for local heroes.
Discussion: After exploring the app, gather the students and discuss what they’ve learned. Ask questions like:
- How did it feel to see the names and stories of soldiers from our community?
- Why is it important to remember and honor these individuals?
- How can we show respect and gratitude for their contributions?
Creative Expression: Provide students with printed pictures related to World War 2. Ask them to choose one that resonates with them and share why they chose it. Encourage them to draw or write a short message or story inspired by the picture.
Conclusion: Emphasize the importance of remembering history and the sacrifices made by individuals for the greater good. Discuss ways the class can honor local heroes, such as visiting a local memorial or participating in Remembrance Day activities.
Curriculum Goals Addressed:
Understanding and appreciation of how geography, culture, language, heritage, economics, and resources shape and change Canada’s communities
Demonstrating skills of oral, written, and visual literacy
Developing skills of media literacy, including using technology to support a presentation
Engaging in activities that enhance their sense of belonging within their school and community
This activity integrates the use of technology with hands-on exploration, allowing students to connect with local history in a meaningful way.
Grade 3 Activity: “Stories of Valour: Spotlighting Soldier Stories”
Objective:
To help students understand the significance of World War 2 through the stories of soldiers, fostering a sense of respect and gratitude for their contributions.
Materials:
– Mobile devices with the Memory Anchor app installed
– Printed pictures of World War 2 events, soldiers, and symbols
– Blank paper and coloring materials (crayons, colored pencils)
Steps:
1. Introduction: Begin with a brief, age-appropriate discussion about World War 2, focusing on the bravery and contributions of soldiers.
2. Memory Anchor Exploration: Guide students on using the Memory Anchor app to explore profiles of soldiers who participated in World War 2. Allow them to read the stories and details about these soldiers.
3. Story Reflection: After exploring, ask each student to choose one soldier’s story that inspired them. Have them reflect on why this story is important and what they can learn from it.
4. Creative Expression: Provide students with blank paper and coloring materials. Ask them to draw a picture or write a few sentences inspired by the soldier’s story they chose. They might want to draw a symbol of bravery, a scene from the story, or write about why it’s important to remember these heroes.
5. Sharing Session: Allow students who are comfortable to share their drawings or writings with the class. Facilitate a discussion on the common themes and lessons learned from the soldiers’ stories.
6. Conclusion: Emphasize the importance of remembering and honoring the bravery and sacrifices of soldiers during World War 2. Discuss how students can show respect and gratitude towards heroes in their daily lives.
Curriculum Goals Addressed:
– Understanding and appreciation of how geographic, social, cultural, and linguistic factors affect quality of life in communities around the world
– Developing skills of oral, written, and visual literacy
– Developing skills of media literacy, including using technology to support and present conclusions
– Participating in projects that improve or meet the particular needs of their school or community
This activity allows students to engage with history on a personal level, fostering empathy, respect, and gratitude for those who served in World War 2.
Grade 4 Activity: “Journals of Courage”
Objective:
Based on the Grade 4 curriculum from the Alberta Social Studies Kindergarten to Grade 12 Program of Studies, here’s an educational activity focused on World War 2:
Objective:
To help students understand the significance of World War 2 through the stories of soldiers, fostering a sense of respect and gratitude for their contributions.
Materials:
– Mobile devices with the Memory Anchor app installed
– Printed pictures of World War 2 events, soldiers, and symbols
– Notebooks and pencils
Steps:
1. Introduction: Begin with a brief, age-appropriate discussion about World War 2, focusing on the bravery and contributions of soldiers.
2. Memory Anchor Exploration: Guide students on using the Memory Anchor app to explore profiles of soldiers who participated in World War 2. Allow them to read or listen to the stories and details about these soldiers.
3. Story Reflection: After exploring, ask each student to choose one soldier’s story that inspired them. Have them reflect on why this story is important and what they can learn from it.
4. Journal Writing: Provide students with notebooks and pencils. Ask them to write a reflection on the soldier’s story they chose, discussing the values and lessons they learned from it. Encourage them to express their feelings and thoughts about the importance of remembering and honoring these heroes.
5. Sharing Session: Allow students who are comfortable to share their reflections with the class. Facilitate a discussion on the common themes and lessons learned from the soldiers’ stories.
6. Conclusion: Emphasize the importance of remembering and honoring the bravery and sacrifices of soldiers during World War 2. Discuss how students can show respect and gratitude towards heroes in their daily lives.
Curriculum Goals Addressed:
– Develop skills of critical thinking and creative thinking: evaluate ideas, information, and positions from multiple perspectives
– Develop skills of historical thinking: use photographs and interviews to make meaning of historical information
– Develop skills of media literacy: compare information on the same issue or topic from print media, television, photographs, and the Internet
This activity allows students to engage with history on a personal level, fostering empathy, respect, and gratitude for those who served in World War 2.
Grade 5 Activity: “Walking Through History”
Objective:
To provide students with a tangible connection to the history and heroes of World War 2, fostering respect, remembrance, and understanding of the sacrifices made.
Materials:
Mobile devices with the Memory Anchor app installed
Notebooks and pencils for each student
Transportation to the cemetery
Permission slips
Steps:
Preparation: Prior to the field trip, introduce students to World War 2 with a focus on the local heroes who participated. Have students use the Memory Anchor app to explore profiles of soldiers buried in local cemeteries.
Field Trip Planning: If you are Local to Edmonton and travel is feasible: Plan a field trip to Beechmount, Edmonton, or Mount Pleasant Cemeteries where the Memory Anchor Tours take place. Ensure to send permission slips home, arrange for transportation, and prepare students to dress for the weather. If you are NOT Local to Edmonton: You can virtually visit the cemetery, simply modify this activity around a virtual visit.
Cemetery Visit: During the visit, have students use the Memory Anchor app to locate the graves of soldiers they researched. Allow time for reflection and observation at each grave.
Reflection Activity: Ask students to write or draw their reflections and thoughts about the soldiers and their contributions. This can be done on-site or upon return to the classroom.
Group Discussion: Facilitate a group discussion where students can share their reflections and thoughts about the experience, the soldiers they learned about, and the importance of remembrance.
Follow-Up Activity: Back in the classroom, have students create a “Wall of Remembrance” where they can display their drawings, writings, and appropriate photographs taken during the visit.
Curriculum Goals Addressed:
Understanding and appreciation of how the stories of diverse peoples in Canada contribute to students’ sense of citizenship and identity
Developing skills of oral, written, and visual literacy
Engaging in activities that improve or meet the particular needs of their school or community
Teacher Notes:
Contact Organizations: Reach out to No Stone Left Alone (NSLA) and the City of Edmonton to inform them of your planned visit, ensuring that the cemetery is accessible and prepared for the students’ arrival.
Screenshot Guidance: Instruct students on how to take respectful screenshots of the soldier grave markers they visit using the Memory Anchor app. These screenshots can later be shown on the classroom projector as part of the follow-up activity and discussion.
Behavior Briefing: Brief students on appropriate behavior and respect for the cemetery environment. Supervise students closely during the visit to ensure safety and adherence to the rules of the cemetery.
This activity provides a hands-on learning experience, allowing students to connect with history in a meaningful and respectful way, while also engaging with technology and participating in reflective practices.
Grade 6 Activity: “Group Study and Presentation: Echoes of Valour”
Objective:
To provide students with a tangible connection to the history and heroes of World War 2, fostering respect, remembrance, and understanding of the sacrifices made.
Materials:
Mobile devices with the Memory Anchor app installed
Notebooks and pencils for each student
Transportation to the cemetery (if feasible)
Permission slips
Steps for On-Site Visit:
Preparation: Prior to the field trip, introduce students to World War 2 with a focus on the local heroes who participated. Have students use the Memory Anchor app to explore profiles of soldiers buried in local cemeteries.
Linking to Campaigns: Guide students to link the soldiers they researched to specific Canadian campaigns in WW2. This can be done through additional research using reliable online sources, history books, or the information available on the Memory Anchor app.
Group Formation: Form small groups of students. Each group will focus on one soldier and the campaign they were linked to. They will work together to gather information, reflect, and prepare a group presentation.
Field Trip Planning: Plan a field trip to a local cemetery where World War 2 soldiers are buried. Ensure to send permission slips home, arrange for transportation, and prepare any necessary supplies.
Cemetery Visit: During the visit, each group will locate the grave of the soldier they researched, reflect and discuss their findings as a group.
Group Reflection: Each group will collaboratively write or draw their reflections and thoughts about the soldier and their contributions. This can be done on-site or upon return to the classroom.
Group Presentation: Back in the classroom, each group will present their findings and reflections to the class.
Steps for Alternative Indoor Activity (if on-site visit isn’t feasible):
Virtual Exploration & Group Formation: Have students use the Memory Anchor app in the classroom to virtually explore the profiles of soldiers who participated in World War 2. Form small groups, with each focusing on one soldier and a specific campaign.
Research & Linking to Campaigns: Each group will conduct further research and write a reflection on the soldier’s life, contributions, and the importance of remembering their service.
Group Presentation: Each group will present their findings and reflections to the class, sharing the soldier’s story, the campaign they were linked to, and their own reflections on the importance of remembrance and gratitude.
Class Discussion: After all presentations, facilitate a class discussion on the common themes, values, and lessons learned from the soldiers’ stories and the campaigns they were part of.
Curriculum Goals Addressed:
Develop skills of critical thinking and creative thinking: evaluate ideas and information from multiple perspectives
Develop skills of historical thinking: use primary sources to broaden understanding of historical events and issues
Develop skills of media literacy: compare information on the same issue or topic from print media, television, photographs, and the Internet
Teacher Notes:
Contact Organizations: If planning a field trip, reach out to No Stone Left Alone (NSLA) and the City of Edmonton to inform them of your planned visit.
Screenshot Guidance: Instruct students on how to take respectful screenshots of the soldier grave markers they visit or research using the Memory Anchor app. These screenshots can later be used in their group presentations or reflections.
Behavior Briefing: Brief students on appropriate behavior and respect for the cemetery environment if an on-site visit is planned. Supervise students closely during the visit to ensure safety and adherence to the rules of the cemetery.
This group-focused activity allows students to collaboratively connect with history in a meaningful and respectful way, while also engaging with technology and participating in reflective practices.
Grade 7 Activity: “Engaging with Local Veterans charities and Veterans Communities”
Objective:
Students will explore and understand the contributions of Canadian soldiers in World War II through research, on-site visits, group study, and community presentations.
Materials:
Mobile devices with Memory Anchor app
Notebooks and pencils
Transportation to the cemetery (if feasible)
Permission slips
Poppies
Preparation:
Introduction: Begin with an introduction to World War II, emphasizing Canada’s role and contributions in specific campaigns (Dieppe, Normandy Invasions, Liberation of Holland, The Home Front, Training Accidents, Air Training Programs in Alberta, Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Hong Kong, Italian Campaign, Battle of Britain).
Soldier Profiles: Using the Memory Anchor app, students will explore profiles of soldiers who participated in these campaigns and are buried in local cemeteries.
Group Formation: Form small groups of students. Each group will be assigned a soldier and a campaign to focus on.
On-Site Visit (Weather Permitting):
Cemetery Visit: Plan a field trip to a local cemetery. Each group will visit the grave of their assigned soldier, leave a poppy, and reflect on their soldier’s contributions.
Group Study: Groups will discuss and compile information on their assigned soldier and campaign, preparing for a group presentation.
Alternative Indoor Activity (If On-Site Visit Isn’t Feasible):
Virtual Exploration: Groups will use the Memory Anchor app to virtually explore and study their assigned soldier and campaign.
Group Study: Each group will compile information and reflections for their presentation.
Group Presentation:
Community Presentation: Groups will present their findings to a veteran in their community, a local veterans group, or contact a charity like No Stone Left Alone or the Royal Canadian Legion to arrange a presentation at your school or their location. This can be done in person or virtually.
Reflection: After the presentations, students will reflect on the experience and discuss the importance of remembering and honoring those who served.
Curriculum Goals Addressed:
Develop skills of critical thinking and creative thinking
Develop skills of historical thinking
Develop skills of decision making and problem solving
Teacher Notes:
Contact No Stone Left Alone and the City of Edmonton to advise them of your planned visit if you are visiting onsite.
Ensure students understand the significance of leaving a poppy on the graves.
Facilitate and supervise the group study sessions, guiding students in their research and preparation for presentations.
Coordinate with local veterans, veterans groups, or charities for the group presentations, ensuring a respectful and supportive environment for sharing and learning.
Through this activity, students will not only learn about Canada’s role in World War II but also develop a deep appreciation and respect for the individuals who served and sacrificed for their country. The group study and presentation components will also foster collaboration, research, and public speaking skills among the students.
Grade 8 Activity: “Stories & Reflections: Video Essays on Canada’s Role in World War 2”
Objective:
Students will explore and understand the contributions of Canadian soldiers in World War II through research, on-site visits, group study, video reflections, and community engagement.
Materials:
Mobile devices with Memory Anchor app
Notebooks and pencils
Video recording devices (smartphones/tablets)
Transportation to the cemetery (if feasible)
Permission slips
Poppies
Preparation:
Introduction: Begin with an introduction to World War II, emphasizing Canada’s role and contributions in specific campaigns (Dieppe, Normandy Invasions, Liberation of Holland, The Home Front, Training Accidents, Air Training Programs in Alberta, Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Hong Kong, Italian Campaign, Battle of Britain).
Soldier Profiles: Using the Memory Anchor app, students will explore profiles of soldiers who participated in these campaigns and are buried in local cemeteries.
Group Formation: Form small groups of students. Each group will be assigned a soldier and a campaign to focus on.
On-Site Visit (Weather Permitting):
Cemetery Visit: Plan a field trip to a local cemetery. Each group will visit the grave of their assigned soldier, leave a poppy, and reflect on their soldier’s contributions.
Video Reflection: Groups will record a video reflection at the cemetery, sharing their thoughts and feelings about the soldier and the campaign they studied.
Group Study: Groups will discuss and compile information on their assigned soldier and campaign, preparing for a group presentation.
Alternative Indoor Activity (If On-Site Visit Isn’t Feasible):
Virtual Exploration: Groups will use the Memory Anchor app to virtually explore and study their assigned soldier and campaign.
Video Reflection: Groups will record a video reflection, sharing their thoughts and feelings about the soldier and the campaign they studied.
Group Study: Each group will compile information and reflections for their presentation.
Group Presentation:
Community Presentation: Groups will present their findings to a serving Canadian soldier or veteran in their community, a local veterans group, or a charity like No Stone Left Alone or the Royal Canadian Legion. This can be done in person or virtually.
Reflection: After the presentations, students will reflect on the experience and discuss the importance of remembering and honoring those who served.
Curriculum Goals Addressed:
Develop skills of critical thinking and creative thinking
Develop skills of historical thinking
Develop skills of decision making and problem solving
Teacher Notes:
Contact No Stone Left Alone and the City to advise them of your planned visit.
Ensure students understand the significance of leaving a poppy on the graves.
Facilitate and supervise the group study sessions, guiding students in their research and preparation for presentations.
Coordinate with local serving soldiers, veterans, veterans groups, or charities for the group presentations, ensuring a respectful and supportive environment for sharing and learning.
Encourage students to share their video reflections safely with classmates and their families, fostering a deeper connection and understanding of the sacrifices made during World War II.
Through this activity, students will not only learn about Canada’s role in World War II but also develop a deep appreciation and respect for the individuals who served and sacrificed for their country.
The group study, video reflections, and presentation components will also foster collaboration, research, and public speaking skills among the students.
Grade 9 Activity: “Video Interview: How Wartime Service Shaped Canada”
Objectives:
- Understand the role of Canadian soldiers in World War II.
- Explore the concept of identity and citizenship through the lens of wartime service.
- Engage with local history and heritage.
Activity Outline:
1. Pre-Visit Preparation:
- Research Assignment: Students research Canadian campaigns in World War II (Dieppe, Normandy, Liberation of Holland, etc.) and the soldiers who participated.
- Memory Anchor App: Introduce the app to students, explaining its features and how it will be used during the cemetery visit.
- Interview Preparation: Students prepare questions for veterans or their relatives, focusing on service, identity, and citizenship.
2. Cemetery Visit (Weather Permitting):
- Soldier Profiles: Using the Memory Anchor app, students explore profiles of soldiers buried in the local cemetery, connecting them to researched campaigns.
- Reflection: Students reflect on soldiers’ sacrifices and contributions to Canadian identity and citizenship.
- Poppy Placement: Each student places a poppy on a grave, paying respects to the fallen soldier.
3. Alternative Indoor Activity (In Case of Poor Weather):
- Virtual Exploration: Students use the Memory Anchor app to virtually explore soldier profiles and cemeteries.
- Group Discussion: Discuss the soldiers’ roles in specific campaigns and their impact on Canadian identity.
4. Group Project (Optional):
- Video Project: In groups, students create videos documenting their visit (or virtual exploration), reflections, and learnings about Canadian identity.
- Video Sharing: Videos are shared with classmates and families in a secure and respectful manner.
5. Veteran Interview:
- Interview Session: Students (individually or in groups) interview a World War II veteran or a relative, focusing on their service and its impact on their sense of identity and citizenship.
- Reflection: Students reflect on the interview, connecting the veteran’s experiences to broader themes of Canadian identity and citizenship.
Assessment:
- Participation in discussions and reflections.
- Quality and depth of research assignment.
- Engagement with the Memory Anchor app and understanding of soldier profiles.
- Thoughtfulness and respect demonstrated during interviews.
- Contribution to and participation in the optional video project.
Conclusion:
This activity allows students to engage with Canadian history, explore concepts of identity and citizenship, and connect with their local community. The use of technology, like the Memory Anchor app, provides an interactive and engaging learning experience, while the optional video project offers a creative outlet for students to share their insights and reflections.
Grade 10 Activity: “Class Podcast: Diverse Perspectives on War”
Objectives:
- Explore various perspectives on World War II and the service of Canadian soldiers.
- Understand how different backgrounds and communities view and remember the war.
- Foster empathy, respect, and understanding among students for diverse viewpoints.
Activity Outline:
1. Pre-Visit Preparation:
- Research Assignment: Students research Canadian campaigns in World War II and the soldiers who participated.
- Diverse Perspectives: Introduce the concept of diverse perspectives and how people from different backgrounds might view World War II and the service of soldiers differently.
- Interview Preparation: Students prepare questions for interviews, considering how to approach and understand diverse viewpoints respectfully.
2. Cemetery Visit (Weather Permitting):
- Soldier Profiles: Using the Memory Anchor app, students explore profiles of soldiers from diverse backgrounds.
- Reflection: Students reflect on how these soldiers’ stories might be viewed and remembered differently by their families and communities.
3. Alternative Indoor Activity (In Case of Poor Weather):
- Virtual Exploration: Students use the Memory Anchor app and other online resources to explore diverse soldiers’ stories.
- Group Discussion: Facilitate a discussion on how different communities might remember and honor their war heroes.
4. Mini-Podcast Interviews:
- Veteran/Family Interview: Interview a veteran or family member from a diverse background, focusing on their perspective on service and remembrance. Record a 2-3 minute podcast.
- Community Leader Interview: Engage with leaders from various cultural or community groups to understand their perspective on World War II and the service of Canadian soldiers. Record a 2-3 minute podcast.
- Teacher/Expert Interview: Interview social studies teachers or historians who can provide insights into how World War II is viewed differently by various communities. Record a 2-3 minute podcast.
5. Podcast Series Creation:
- Editing and Compilation: Students compile, edit, and organize the interviews into a coherent podcast series that reflects diverse viewpoints on World War II.
- Sharing: Distribute the podcast series within the school and community to foster understanding and respect for diverse perspectives on the war.
6. Reflection and Discussion:
- Class Discussion: Engage students in a discussion on what they learned from the interviews and how understanding diverse perspectives enhances their view of World War II and Canadian history.
Assessment:
- Evaluate students on their research, interview skills, participation in discussions, and contributions to the podcast series.
Conclusion:
This activity aims to foster empathy and understanding among students for diverse perspectives on World War II and the service of Canadian soldiers. Through research, interviews, and discussions, students will gain a deeper appreciation for how history is viewed and remembered differently by various communities and backgrounds.
Grade 11 Activity: “Radio Canada: Canadian Nationalism during WW2”
Objectives:
- Understand the concept of Canadian nationalism during World War II.
- Explore how Canada positioned itself on the global stage in the 1940s.
- Create a fictional radio show that reflects the sentiments, politics, and voices of the time.
Activity Outline:
1. Research Phase:
- Canadian Nationalism: Students research the rise of Canadian nationalism during World War II, focusing on specific campaigns (Dieppe, Normandy Invasions, Liberation of Holland, etc.).
- Global Positioning: Explore how Canada was viewed internationally and how it engaged with the world during the 1940s.
- Diverse Voices: Investigate the perspectives of politicians, military personnel, and everyday citizens during this era.
2. Planning the Radio Show:
- Group Assignment: Students are divided into groups, each responsible for one segment of the radio show.
- Segment Planning: Each group plans their segment, ensuring it reflects the research conducted in the first phase.
3. Radio Show Segments:
- News Feature: A segment detailing a significant World War II event involving the Canadian military, providing context and analysis.
- Politician Interview: A fictional interview with a local politician of the time, discussing the selected event and its implications for Canadian nationalism and global positioning.
- Man on the Street: A series of fictional interviews with service members and citizens, providing diverse perspectives on the event and the state of the nation.
4. Recording and Editing:
- Using recording equipment, each group records their segment. They should aim for authenticity, reflecting the language, tone, and style of the 1940s.
- Groups edit their segments, preparing them for presentation to the class.
5. Class Presentation:
- Each group presents their radio show segment to the class. The segments are played in sequence, creating a cohesive radio show.
- After the presentation, facilitate a class discussion on Canadian nationalism, global positioning, and the diverse voices of the 1940s.
Assessment:
- Students are assessed based on their research, planning, recording, editing, and presentation skills.
- Evaluate the authenticity and accuracy of their radio show segments, as well as their engagement with the class discussion.
Reflection:
After completing the activity, students should have a deeper understanding of Canadian nationalism during World War II and how Canada positioned itself globally in the 1940s. The fictional radio show provides a creative and engaging way for students to explore and present their findings.
Grade 12 Activity: “Canada in the Pre and Post-War Period: Ideologies, Identity, and Impact”
Objectives:
- Understand the ideologies that influenced World War II events and political movements.
- Explore the transformation of Canadian identity from the outbreak of war to the post-war period.
- Create a three-part YouTube video series that encapsulates the era’s sentiments, politics, and voices.
Activity Outline:
1. Research Phase:
- Ideological Foundations: Students delve into the ideologies that underpinned World War II events and political movements, with a focus on Canadian campaigns.
- Canadian Identity: Explore the evolution of Canadian identity from the war’s outbreak to the post-war period, emphasizing soldiers’ return and societal shifts.
- Diverse Voices: Investigate the perspectives of politicians, military personnel, and everyday citizens during this era.
2. Planning the Video Series:
- Group Assignment: Students are divided into groups, each responsible for one part of the video series.
- Segment Planning: Each group plans their segment, ensuring it reflects the research conducted in the first phase.
3. Video Series Segments:
- Ideologies of WW2: A segment detailing the ideologies that influenced World War II events, with a focus on Canadian campaigns like Dieppe, Normandy Invasions, and others.
- Political Movements: Explore the political movements of the time, emphasizing Canada’s role and the impact on its national identity.
- Post-War Canadian Identity: Dive into the transformation of Canadian identity as soldiers returned home, integrating personal stories and broader societal shifts.
4. Recording and Editing:
- Using recording equipment and editing software, each group records and edits their segment. They should aim for authenticity, reflecting the language, tone, and style of the 1940s.
5. Class Presentation:
- Each group presents their video segment to the class. The segments are played in sequence, creating a cohesive video series.
- After the presentation, facilitate a class discussion on the ideologies of World War II, Canadian identity, and the diverse voices of the 1940s.
Assessment:
- Students are assessed based on their research, planning, recording, editing, and presentation skills.
- Evaluate the authenticity and accuracy of their video segments, as well as their engagement with the class discussion.
Reflection:
After completing the activity, students should have a deeper understanding of the ideologies that influenced World War II, the transformation of Canadian identity, and the diverse voices that shaped the era. The video series provides a creative and engaging way for students to explore and present their findings.
